Original article / research
Year : 2023 Month : July Volume : 12 Issue : 3 Page : PO60 - PO63 Full Version

Immunoexpression of CD1a and Histopathology in Lesional and Non Lesional Skin in Psoriasis: A Cross-sectional Study
Kavitha Yelavath, CH Jyothi, T Divyagna, B Swapna Kumari
1. Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India. 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India. 3. Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India. 4. Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India.
 
Correspondence Address :
Kavitha Yelavath, CH Jyothi, T Divyagna, B Swapna Kumari,
Dr. Kavitha Yelavath,
Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, Telangana, India.
E-mail: kavithayeslavath@gmail.com
 
ABSTRACT
: Introduction: Psoriasis is a long-lasting autoimmune disease mediated by T-lymphocytes and dendritic cells. Langerhans cells are a unique population of dendritic cells found in the epidermis, where they can be identified by Cluster of Differentiation 1a (CD1a) positivity. They play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

Aim: To evaluate the utility of immunoexpression of CD1a in the early diagnosis of psoriasis and to study the histopathology of skin biopsies from clinically diagnosed cases of psoriasis.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2017 to August 2019 at Gandhi Hospital, Secunderabad, Telangana, India. Skin biopsies were taken from 50 patients with psoriasis from the Outpatient Department (OPD). Histopathological features in early psoriasis were studied, and CD1a immunoexpression in lesional, perilesional, and distant skin was analysed. The data were analysed using Student’s t-test with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software.

Results: Half of the cases were found in two age groups: 51-60 years (15 patients, 30%) and 11-20 years (10 patients, 20%). The majority of the cases were males (36 patients, 72%). Most of the biopsies were taken from the lower limb (24 patients, 48%), followed by the back (13 patients, 26%). In this study, the average number of CD1a positive Langerhans cells was highest (54.92±5.26) in perilesional skin compared to lesional skin (30±3.96), which was statistically significant (p-value=0.04).

Conclusion: Based on the observations in this study, a strong positive reaction of CD1a in perilesional skin can be used to diagnose psoriasis in the early clinical stages, before full-blown clinical psoriatic plaques have appeared. Early diagnosis may prompt physicians to initiate treatment early.
Keywords : Cluster of differentiation 1a, Epidermis, Langerhans cell, Perilesional skin
DOI and Others : DOI: 10.7860/NJLM/2023/62796.2760 Date of Submission: Jan 10, 2023 Date of Peer Review: Jan 28, 2023 Date of Acceptance: Apr 15, 2023 Date of Publishing: Jul 01, 2023 AUTHOR DECLARATION: • Financial or Other Competing Interests: None • Was Ethics Committee Approval obtained for this study? Yes • Was informed consent obtained from the subjects involved in the study? Yes • For any images presented appropriate consent has been obtained from the subjects. Yes PLAGIARISM CHECKING METHODS: • Plagiarism X-checker: Jan 13, 2023 • Manual Googling: Mar 22, 2023 • iThenticate Software: Apr 14, 2023 (24%) ETYMOLOGY: Author Origin
 
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