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| Year:
2023 |
Month:
October
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Volume:
12 |
Issue:
4 |
Page:
BO08 - BO12 |
Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Apo A-1 Gene and Lipid Variables in Patients with Myocardial Infarction: A Case-control Study
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Correspondence
G Udaya Kumari, A Preethi, Prashanth Talikoti, Arumugam Balasubramanian, C Archana Devi, J Vinodha, K Rekha, Masilamani Vijayalakshmi,
Dr. Arumugam Balasubramanian,
Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
E-mail: balasubramaniana424@gmail.com :
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Introduction: Genetic and environmental factors play a significant role in the development of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). With advancements in molecular techniques, it is now possible to study genes that may provide evidence of the role of genetic factors in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Genetic variants of the Apo A-1 gene might play an important role in regulating lipid profiles and their alteration, leading to the subsequent development of Myocardial Infarction (MI).
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between C+83T sequence variations in the first intron of the Apo A-1 gene and lipid variables in patients with MI.
Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry in association with the Department of Cardiology, Kilpauk Medical College Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from October 2013 to March 2014. The study included 52 MI cases and 52 age-, gender-, and risk factor-matched controls. Fasting venous blood samples were collected from each patient, and routine investigations, lipid profile assessments, and polymorphic studies were carried out. Allele frequencies between cases and controls were compared using the Chi-square test. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine the association between fasting serum lipid variables and allele distribution.
Results: Both study groups were matched for age, gender, and risk factors such as alcohol consumption, smoking, Hypertension (HT), and Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The results were compared and found to be statistically insignificant. Genotype analysis between the groups disclosed that the TT homozygous genotype was more prevalent in cases, while the ‘CC’ genotype was more prevalent in controls, and the CT genotype was approximately equal in both cases and controls. The genotype difference between cases and controls was statistically significant (p-value=0.006). The ‘T’ allele frequency was higher among cases (0.36) compared to controls (0.13), while the frequency of the ‘C’ allele was higher among controls (0.86) compared to cases (0.63). In the CC genotype, there was a higher mean value of Apo A-1 and a lower ApoB/Apo A-1 ratio compared to the TT genotype. It was observed that carriers of the C allele and T allele showed no statistical difference in lipid variables except for High-density Lipoprotein (HDL).
Conclusion: This study found a significantly increased T allele frequency in cases compared to controls, suggesting that the presence of the T allele in the C+83T (first intron) of the Apo A-1 gene may increase the risk of developing MI.
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