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| Year:
2013 |
Month:
September
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Volume:
2 |
Issue:
3 |
Page:
1 - 5 |
Efficacy of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Lesions in Children and Adolescents
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Correspondence
Amita K., Vijayshankar S.,
Dr. Amita K.,
Associate Professor, Department of Pathology,
Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences,
B.G. Nagara, Mandya-571448, Karnataka, India.
Email: dramitay@rediffmail.com, Ph: 09901429624 :
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Introduction: Thyroid disorders are one of the most common endocrine disorders worldwide. Though prevalence of thyroid disease in children and adolescents is low, the incidence of malignancy is more in this subgroup, as compared to adults. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of thyroid lesions in children and adolescents.
Material and Methods: A prospective descriptive analytical study conducted over a duration of three years from January 2010 to December 2012. FNAC was performed on 58 children and adolescents in the age group ranging from 1-year-old to 21-year-old. Ultrasound (US) findings were available in 36 (62.06%) cases. Histopathology subsequent to surgery was obtained in 14 (24.13%) cases.
Statistical Analysis: The qualitative data were expressed as proportions, percentages and 95% CI. Quantitative data was expressed as mean ± SD. Data was analysed using SPSS software version 16 and STAT CAL of Epi info.
Results: Five cytological categories and the respective proportion of cases in each category were the following: 1. Benign – 48 ( 95% CI 38.13, 57.86), 2.Indeterminate – (95% CI – 0.11, 6.11), 3. Suspicious – 1 (95% CI – 1.61, 3.6), 4. Malignant – 6 (95% CI – 0.22, 12.02) and 5. Inadequate - 3 (95% CI – 0.11, 6.11). Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 16 software. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were found to be 100%, 70%, 57.14%, 100% and 100% respectively.
Conclusion: Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FNAC in children and adolescents is similar to that in adults. Because it helps reduce the number of diagnostic surgeries, implementing FNAC as a initial diagnostic tool can go a long way in clinical decision making in this sub group of patients with thyroid disease.
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