Reviews
Year : 2026 Month : January Volume : 15 Issue : 1 Page : MR01 - MR08 Full Version

Genital Chlamydia trachomatis: A Review
Dhivya Gopi, V Abarna, A Sivaranjini, V Pradha, Venkatesh Rajendran
1. Tutor, Department of Microbiology, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Osudu, Puducherry, India. 2. Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Osudu, Puducherry, India. 3. Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Osudu, Puducherry, India. 4. Professor, Department of Microbiology, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Osudu, Puducherry, India. 5. Tutor, Department of Microbiology, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, SLIMS, Puducherry, India.
 
Correspondence Address :
Dr. Dhivya Gopi,
Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Osudu, Puducherry, India.
E-mail: saidhivyagopi@gmail.com
 
ABSTRACT
: Globally, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are a serious public health concern. The most common bacterial STI pathogen is Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis). Over 80% of individuals with this infection remain asymptomatic, which may lead to undiagnosed cases. A persistent infection with C. trachomatis can spread to the upper genital tract, resulting in Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). If left untreated, this may lead to long-term sequelae, such as infertility. Early diagnosis and treatment of infected individuals are required to prevent the spread of the disease and its severe consequences. Tissue culture was once thought to be the most reliable method of diagnosis. However, diagnosis has become quick and simple with the development of improved diagnostic tools, especially molecular techniques, which are not only very sensitive and specific but also cost-effective. This review elucidates the effects of genital infections caused by Chlamydia on human health and recommends further research on the frequency, prevalence, and pathogenic mechanisms of C. trachomatis Infection (CTI) to gain a better understanding of the long-term consequences caused by this illness. Lastly present review confirms that the evidence presented can encourage changes in the country’s healthcare system in the future. For instance, future infection control measures could be planned, prevention campaigns could be created to increase public awareness of the risk factors for this infection, and screening techniques for Chlamydia could be updated.
Keywords : Infertility, Pathogenesis, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Tubal factor infertility
DOI and Others : DOI: 10.7860/NJLM/2026/79562.2952 Date of Submission: Mar 25, 2025 Date of Peer Review: Jun 04, 2025 Date of Acceptance: Oct 10, 2025 Date of Publishing: Jan 01, 2026 AUTHOR DECLARATION: • Financial or Other Competing Interests: None • Was informed consent obtained from the subjects involved in the study? NA • For any images presented appropriate consent has been obtained from the subjects. NA PLAGIARISM CHECKING METHODS: • Plagiarism X-checker: Apr 07, 2025 • Manual Googling: Jul 18, 2025 • iThenticate Software: Oct 09, 2025 (15%) ETYMOLOGY: Author Origin EMENDATIONS: 7
 
TABLES AND FIGURES